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Felipe Santiago Salaverry del Solar (1805 – February 18, 1836) was a Peruvian soldier and politician who served as the Supreme Chief of Peru. He supported
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When the garrison of Callao revolted in January 1835, against then President Luis Orbegoso, and pronounced in favor of La Fuente, Salaverry defeated the insurgents. Orbegoso appointed him governor of the fortress. But on February 23, Salaverry rose in arms against the government. After Orbegoso abandoned Lima, Salaverry occupied the capital and proclaimed himself "Supreme Chief of the Republic" on 25 February. In a few months he had possession of the south, and Orbegoso retreated with a small force to the northern provinces.
A decree of Felipe Santiago Salaverry re-legalizes the importation of slaves from other Latin American countries. The line "no slave shall enter Peru without becoming free" is taken out of the Constitution in 1839. Código Civil de 1852: Lo nacional y lo importado, by César Luna Victoria León.
He sought the intervention of Andrés Santa Cruz, leader of Bolivia, with whom Orbegoso concluded a treaty giving Santa Cruz a third of Peru. Soon after, the Bolivian army invaded Peru, and Salaverry retreated to the city of Arequipa. Salaverry obtained victories at the battle of Uchumayo, February 4, 1836, but on February 7, his forces were totally routed in Socabaya, a district of the city.
After wandering for several days in his way to join the Peruvian Navy stationed at the coast at Islay in Arequipa, Salaverry was finally captured by General Miller, who delivered him to Santa Cruz, who ordered the execution of Salaverry and his General Staff. He died in Arequipa on February 19, 1836. Salaverry's field jacket, the one he wore when he was executed, is today shown at the Peruvian Museum of Gold at Monterrico.
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